The Significance of Experiences of Nature for People with Parkinson’s Disease, with Special Focus on Freezing of Gait—The Necessity for a Biophilic Environment. A Multi-Method Single Subject Study
Identifieur interne : 000004 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000003; suivant : 000005The Significance of Experiences of Nature for People with Parkinson’s Disease, with Special Focus on Freezing of Gait—The Necessity for a Biophilic Environment. A Multi-Method Single Subject Study
Auteurs : Johan Ottosson ; Lillian Lavesson ; Stefan Pinzke ; Patrik GrahnSource :
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health [ 1661-7827 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Freezing of Gait (FOG) is a common condition in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). FOG entails suddenly experiencing difficulties moving or feeling that one’s feet are as glued to the ground. It is triggered, e.g., when passing through doorways. Earlier studies suggest that being in natural environments affects FOG in a positive way. Five subjects were recruited to serve as five single subject cases. We used interviews, observations, questionnaires and collected gait pattern data with aid of an accelerometer. A special designed outdoor setting was used, where we investigated whether passing through hedge openings with or without built elements triggered FOG. We found that no one experienced a FOG reaction when they passed through hedge openings without built elements. However, FOG was triggered when a doorframe was inserted into a hedge opening, and/or when peripheral vision was blocked. We interpret the results such that the doorframe triggered a phobic reflex, causing a freezing reaction. Passing through hedge openings does not trigger FOG, which we interpret as a biophilic reaction. Our results, if repeated in future studies, may have significance to everyday lives of PD patients, who could get a simpler life by consciously prioritizing stays in natural surroundings.
Url:
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120707274
PubMed: 26132480
PubMed Central: 4515656
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The Significance of Experiences of Nature for People with Parkinson’s Disease, with Special Focus on Freezing of Gait—The Necessity for a Biophilic Environment. A Multi-Method Single Subject Study</title><author><name sortKey="Ottosson, Johan" sort="Ottosson, Johan" uniqKey="Ottosson J" first="Johan" last="Ottosson">Johan Ottosson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lavesson, Lillian" sort="Lavesson, Lillian" uniqKey="Lavesson L" first="Lillian" last="Lavesson">Lillian Lavesson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pinzke, Stefan" sort="Pinzke, Stefan" uniqKey="Pinzke S" first="Stefan" last="Pinzke">Stefan Pinzke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grahn, Patrik" sort="Grahn, Patrik" uniqKey="Grahn P" first="Patrik" last="Grahn">Patrik Grahn</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26132480</idno><idno type="pmc">4515656</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4515656</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4515656</idno><idno type="doi">10.3390/ijerph120707274</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000011</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000011</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000011</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000011</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000004</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000004</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000220</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000220</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000220</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">1661-7827:2015:Ottosson J:the:significance:of</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000004</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000004</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000004</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The Significance of Experiences of Nature for People with Parkinson’s Disease, with Special Focus on Freezing of Gait—The Necessity for a Biophilic Environment. A Multi-Method Single Subject Study</title><author><name sortKey="Ottosson, Johan" sort="Ottosson, Johan" uniqKey="Ottosson J" first="Johan" last="Ottosson">Johan Ottosson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lavesson, Lillian" sort="Lavesson, Lillian" uniqKey="Lavesson L" first="Lillian" last="Lavesson">Lillian Lavesson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pinzke, Stefan" sort="Pinzke, Stefan" uniqKey="Pinzke S" first="Stefan" last="Pinzke">Stefan Pinzke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grahn, Patrik" sort="Grahn, Patrik" uniqKey="Grahn P" first="Patrik" last="Grahn">Patrik Grahn</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</title><idno type="ISSN">1661-7827</idno><idno type="eISSN">1660-4601</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Freezing of Gait (FOG) is a common condition in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). FOG entails suddenly experiencing difficulties moving or feeling that one’s feet are as glued to the ground. It is triggered, e.g., when passing through doorways. Earlier studies suggest that being in natural environments affects FOG in a positive way. Five subjects were recruited to serve as five single subject cases. We used interviews, observations, questionnaires and collected gait pattern data with aid of an accelerometer. A special designed outdoor setting was used, where we investigated whether passing through hedge openings with or without built elements triggered FOG. We found that no one experienced a FOG reaction when they passed through hedge openings without built elements. However, FOG was triggered when a doorframe was inserted into a hedge opening, and/or when peripheral vision was blocked. We interpret the results such that the doorframe triggered a phobic reflex, causing a freezing reaction. Passing through hedge openings does not trigger FOG, which we interpret as a biophilic reaction. Our results, if repeated in future studies, may have significance to everyday lives of PD patients, who could get a simpler life by consciously prioritizing stays in natural surroundings.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yao, S C" uniqKey="Yao S">S.C. Yao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hart, A D" uniqKey="Hart A">A.D. Hart</name></author><author><name sortKey="Terzella, M J" uniqKey="Terzella M">M.J. Terzella</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="De Lau, L M L" uniqKey="De Lau L">L.M.L. De Lau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Breteler, M M B" uniqKey="Breteler M">M.M.B. Breteler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Knobl, P" uniqKey="Knobl P">P. 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Dayhew</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Grahn, Patrik" sort="Grahn, Patrik" uniqKey="Grahn P" first="Patrik" last="Grahn">Patrik Grahn</name><name sortKey="Lavesson, Lillian" sort="Lavesson, Lillian" uniqKey="Lavesson L" first="Lillian" last="Lavesson">Lillian Lavesson</name><name sortKey="Ottosson, Johan" sort="Ottosson, Johan" uniqKey="Ottosson J" first="Johan" last="Ottosson">Johan Ottosson</name><name sortKey="Pinzke, Stefan" sort="Pinzke, Stefan" uniqKey="Pinzke S" first="Stefan" last="Pinzke">Stefan Pinzke</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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